what gauge do you use to check freon
Guide to Refrigeration Gas Exam Judge Use
- Post a QUESTION or COMMENT about how to hook upward and utilize an air conditioner, heat pump, or other refrigeration equipment refrigerant gas pressure test gauge
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Air conditioner & estrus pump refrigerant test gauges: this article describes the connections, apply, and reading of a refrigerant gas pressure exam judge set.
We describe the procedure for using test gauges when calculation or replacing refrigerant: charging an air conditioner, oestrus pump, fridge with refrigerant gas.
Nosotros explain how a refrigeration gauge set should exist connected to HVAC equipment to avoid contamination damage and we review the refrigeration system evacuation and cleaning procedure.
We also provide an Commodity Index for this topic, or y'all tin can try the page superlative or bottom SEARCH BOX equally a quick way to find information you demand.
Details on Proper Use of the Refrigeration Charging / Testing Gauge
To keep moisture & dirt out of an air conditioner, heat pump, fridge, freezer, etc., in addition to finding and fixing leaks, we need to know how to properly use a refrigerant gauge set with charging lines, and how to use cap off plugs on the charging fittings.
To be clear, when connecting an HVAC refrigeration judge set to test fittings on an air conditioner or heat pump we must:
- Connect the gauge set center supply tube to a canister of the proper refrigerant gas matching the refrigerant in the system being tested
- Leave some positive pressure of refrigerant gases in each of the two gauge test connectedness hoses
- the high pressure level side and the low pressure side,
then that when the gauge hose plumbing fixtures is connected to the service port on the HVAC equipment no exterior air or moisture are pushed into the arrangement piping.
Refrigeration Servicing Gauge Set Installation & Use
Reading the Gauges on a Refrigeration Gauge Gear up
Nosotros use (and illustrate) a traditional Majestic System Analyzer gauge prepare that provides 3 charging lines (refrigerant canister, loftier side, low side). This is a diaphragm type gauge simply other methods of measuring and charging systems are available.
How to Read the Low Pressure Side Refrigerant Judge
The compound gauge at left is used on the low pressure side of the system and shows pressure readings in black, from 0 to 300 psi gauge pressure. [Click any image to run into an enlarged, detailed version.]
Temperature corresponding to pressure is shown in ruby on this gauge for R12 and R22, or for newer refrigerants on newer gauges.
Vacuum is too shown on this gauge on a scale from 0-30 in. Hg. in green..
Reminder: as we discuss
at REFRIGERANT PRESSURE READINGS & CHARTS
if you use pressure test gauges to measure the refrigerant pressure in the static or equalized air conditioning or estrus pump system, the gauges merely tell y'all the refrigerant force per unit area, non the quantity of refrigerant that is present in the system.
For case at 70F ambient temperature and with R12 refrigerant, the static organization pressure level would be at lxx psi every bit long as there is plenty refrigerant in the system to have at to the lowest degree some in liquid state.
Reading the High Pressure Side Refrigerant / HVAC Test Estimate
The compound judge on the right of this gauge set is used on the loftier pressure level side of the refrigeration system and shows refrigerant pressures, typically from 0 - 500 psi on the black scale or 0 - 35 KG/CMiiiOn the outermost red calibration.
In the center of the refrigerant gauge the crimson scales requite temperature readings for iii older refrigerants (this is an old guess): R502, R12, and R22.
Attaching the Refrigeration Guess Fix to the Air Conditioner, Heat Pump, or other refrigeration equipment
Find the service ports
Cardinal air-conditioning systems, rut pumps, and split systems typically accept service ports installed specifically for the attachment of examination gauges for system inspection, evacuation, and charging.
Residential refrigerators, freezers, and window or portable air conditioners typically will non accept these service ports.
To service one of those latter devices you'll need to cut the refrigerant line and install (solder in place) a tee and a service port.
Our photo (left) shows four covered service ports on this split system compressor/condenser unit of measurement. That'southward because this unit supports ii indoor wall-mounted cooling units.
If its not obvious to y'all that the larger diameter line is the low pressure or suction side and the smaller diameter refrigerant line is the high pressure level side, then really you should not exist messing with this equipment before taking a refresher class in HVAC servicing and repair.
Using Temporary Access Valves for HVAC or Refrigeration Testing & Diagnosis
Tapaline® and other piercing valves are available in various sizes to allow the HVAC technician to tap into the refrigerant lines on a organization in order to perform diagnosis where there are not already service valves installed. Smaller bullet-type valves are installed using an allen wrench.
Use these valves as a temporary service tool, preferably attached on the process tube.
See COMPRESSOR / CONDENSER TYPES if yous don't know what a process tube is.
Watch out: do not get out these temporary test valves on the refrigerant pipage - you're asking for a time to come leak. These valves are suitable to assist diagnosis of a refrigeration system by fugitive agonizing the troubled country of the system (every bit you'd do if you had to cut lines and solder in service valves only to do a test).
After using a temporary tap-in valve on the procedure tube at a compressor unit, y'all should solder off the line puncture and add a permanent service valve plumbing equipment - the type that uses a schrader valve and cap - too referred to equally an access valve or line valve.
Connect the Test Gauges to the Air Conditioner, Estrus Pump, etc
In the shop nosotros connect both loftier and low pressure gauges to the equipment being tested. In the field technicians often use only the depression pressure side of the HVAC examination gauge gear up, since high side problems as well show up on the low side.
On test gauge sets such equally ours shown here, the service lines always open or close a connection between the HVAC equipment refrigeration examination ports and the gauges.
The stop-valves (silver handles) on either side of the gauge set then open or close a farther connection betwixt that valve and either high or low side connexion and the xanthous hose that will in turn connect to a refrigerant source.
You lot'll notice in our photo that both ends of the refrigerant hoses are fastened to the gauge set.
On the forepart of this gauge (and more hands seen in the photograph) are three blind connector plugs to which we connect the hoses when the approximate is not in use - this footstep is to aid keep the judge hoses make clean of debris.
In the photo at left, the "live" hose connectedness ports are somewhat hidden backside the gang of hoses and the "blind" connectors used to proceed the hoses and their end connectors make clean when non in utilise.
The gauge set has stop valve handles that you see on either side of the judge. These controls open or close the loftier or low side service lines once they have been properly connected to the high or low side service port.
Equally we've mentioned before, we would non usually connect our approximate set to the service ports without offset attaching a can of the proper refrigerant to the approximate prepare service port and and so using that refrigerant to purge any air that may exist in the refrigerant hoses.
That's to avoid bravado air and contaminants into the HVAC organisation.
[Click to enlarge any photo to see more detail]
On our air conditioner or heat pump test gauges we utilize a
- A blue flexible hose on the low-side judge. In the photo above the blue hose is connected to the left-paw low pressure level gauge port, while its gratis end is connected to a right-manus blind port.
When in apply the costless cease of the low force per unit area judge is removed from its "blind port" and is then connected to the low side of the organisation at that service port.
- A red hose on the high side guess. In the photo the crimson hose is continued to the right-hand high pressure gauge and its gratuitous end
- the stop that will connect to the HVAC equipment exam gauge port - is connected to a left-hand blind port to go along the plumbing fixtures clean when not in use.
The loftier pressure level guess (red hose) will be continued to the high side of the system at that service port.
- A yellow hose on the center gauge service port just to help avoid whatsoever confusion in the field.
The complimentary terminate of the yellow hose is besides connected to a center blind port to keep out debris.
The center service port on the gauge prepare will connected to a refrigerant canister, charging device, or to an evacuator pump, depending on what the HVAC technician needs to do.
Depending on which valves you lot open or shut, this judge set permits both checking pressure and/or charging the refrigerant system on either the high side or the low side.
Scout out: Even all three hoses of your gauge set is connected to loftier side, refrigeration canister or charging cylinder, and low side, never open up both high side and low side judge connexion valves at the same fourth dimension.
Exposing the low side and approximate to high pressure could certainly accident the gauge, impairment the HVACR arrangement, and cause serious injury as well. - Thanks to reader NJSnowman for suggesting this clarification, via comments. 2016/08/16
Refrigerant Exam Gauge Hose Hookup Details
In our sketch at left
- (A) is the low side pressure judge,
- (B) the high side pressure gauge,
- (C) is the service line at the approximate center, connected to a refrigerant gas source or perhaps to an evacuator pump.
- (D) is the location of the loftier side judge control valve and
- (Eastward) is the performance location of the depression side control valve.
Lookout out: not all HVAC test judge sets may have their high pressure and low pressure gauges in the same left and right positions.
What is disquisitional is that the low force per unit area gauge is connected to the low force per unit area port (by convention using a bluish hose) and the loftier pressure gauge is connected to the high force per unit area port (by convention using a red hose).
Spotter out: Valves (D) and (Eastward) are used to isolate their sides from the service port.
Open only 1 control valve at a time, and then shut it before opening the other.
- Attach the refrigerant canister to the gauge set
- Loosely attach the depression side gauge (A) line to the low side service port. Clinch that the service valve is turned all the fashion OUT
- Open the refrigerant canister (C) and by opening the guess valve (Eastward - low side) purge the lines (do not use the system'southward refrigerant to purge the estimate lines)
- Tighten the service line to the service port
- Plow off the refrigerant gas canister supply
- Plow the equipment service valve in slightly and run the arrangement. The guess(southward) will point what the system is doing.
Watch out: every bit we warn at many places in this article series, do not send liquid refrigerant into the low side of a refrigeration organization.
Liquid refrigerant will enter the bottom of the compressor motor and tin can damage the compressor, or even if the compressor tolerates and passes the refrigerant through its pumping organization, the refrigerant tin can carry away the lubricating oil from the compressor, and/or cause an air trap in the system.
Watch out: N ever open up both high side and low side valves on the gauge prepare at the same time.
Exposing the depression side and gauge to loftier pressure level could certainly accident the gauge, damage the HVACR organisation, and cause serious injury as well. - Thanks to reader NJSnowman for suggesting this clarification, via comments. 2016/08/16
We use the same process for attaching the gauges to the high side of the system.
Restating a bit:
For the gauge set shown above, plow the valves all the style out to attach the gauges, since service ports are stopped OFF.
- Plough the gauge control valve all the way in (closed) to stop off the line to the evaporator/condenser (depending on which valve y'all are using).
- Adhere the guess hose test line loosely to the examination port;
- Feed a pocket-sized amount of refrigerant through the gauge exam line and the charging line to purge whatever air. [Note that newer exam equipment may provide other solutions for this step to avert releasing whatsoever refrigerant to the atmosphere.]
- Then tighten the connection of the exam hose to the equipment service port.
To Remove the Service Test Gauges on Refrigeration Equipment
Back-seat (all the way out) the equipment service valve to shut off the service port, and so remove the gauge and cap both the service port and the exam guess hose ends.
What is the Process Port on an HVAC Compressor Motor & How is information technology Used?
Question: OK to use the process port or charging port on the compressor itself to charge the system?
2017/04/06 John said:
I am charging a Commercial kitchen fridge with the compressor and condenser located externally from the fridge itself.
The charging port on the service valve is leaking, there is a charging port on the compressor itself, can I apply this to accuse the system?
Reply: Yes
Yeah, if you're charging with gas not liquid and you're on the suction side. Merely I worry that the leaky port is going to continue to leak - I'm not an expert only in my experiences the valve cap doesn't make a reliable long term seal.
John said:
Thanks, I check somewhere else and it tells me that the port I was talking virtually is a procedure port. At that place is the suction and discharge line, but this particular one says it'south a process port. What worries me is the uncertainty of this process port. if it is on the low or high side of the compressor.
(Modern) said:
John,
Doing a little inquiry about process ports I read that it's an "alternative suction line" - and on smaller HVAC compressor motors both ports are open to the same compressor chamber - so either could be used for charging.
In some HVAC texts the process port or tube is used to evacuate the organization and would all the same be in mutual with the compressor suction side interior.
I have certainly read that HVAC techs accuse (gas only ie low side) through a procedure port and fifty-fifty prefer that.
On some higher-efficiency or larger compressors that's not so clear every bit I notation below though I remember the primary difference is the port diamater and its intended use. On some larger compressors the procedure tube may be a smaller-bore tube used for an auxiliary part such as an ice maker - still charging through that port could be OK.
A definitive answer would come up from the manufacturer of the specific HVAC compressor motor.
The Tecumseh company warns:
Important! The AE2 is a loftier efficiency compressor and uses directed suction intake. It is necessary (with the exception of water ice cube machine applications) to use the designated suction tube. For ice cube machines: Tecumseh recommends to apply the process (alternating suction tube) as the suction tube.
And this PDF from Manitowoc
Hither is another example of using the procedure port on a compressor motor, from Embraaco
How to remove a used compressor
Nosotros recommend that the used refrigerant fluid is collected for later recycling or incineration, co-ordinate to the following procedure: First, install a perforating valve in the compressor process tube.
Connect the perforating valve to the recovery equipment that is then connected to the receiving cylinder. Now merely connect the recovery equipment. Open up the receiving cylinder valve and so the perforating valve.
Information technology is very important to keep the recovery equipment operating as long as it is necessary to collect all refrigerant. The duration of this process will depend on the equipment used and refrigeration system. -
- COMPRESSOR APPLICATION Transmission [PDF], Embraco, 2800 Vista Ridge Bulldoze NE Suwanee, GA 30024-3510 USA +1 678 804-1337,
Mexico, Torre Alestra, Piso 3 - Function 373 Av. Lázaro Cárdenas 2321 Pte. P.O. BOX 66260 - San Pedro Garza García Nuevo León - México Phone: +52 81 1001-7102,
Slovakia: Odorinska Cesta, 2 - 052-01 Spisská Nová Ves - Slovakia Telephone: +42 153 417-2291 +42 153 417-2293,
Italian republic: Via Buttigliera 6 10020 - Riva Presso Chieri (Torino) -Italia, PO Box 151 - 10023 Chieri (TO), Ph : +39 011 943-7111,
Brazil: Rui Barbosa, 1020 - 89219-901 - Joinville - SC - Brazil Ph : +55 47 3441-2121 - retrieved 2017/04/07, original source: www.embraco.com/DesktopModules/DownloadsAdmin/Arquivos/g6fvojOMAG.pdf EMBRACO Compressor ApplicationManual
- COMPRESSOR REPLACEMENT Manual [PDF], Manitowoc, Manitowoc Water ice 2110 South 26th Street, P.O. Box 1720, Manitowoc, WI 54221-1720 USA 000013291 Telephone 920-682-0161, Fax - Sales: 920-683-7589, Service/Parts: 920-683-7585, Other: 920-683-7879 Web Site - www.manitowocice.com - retrieved 2017/04/07, original source: world wide web.manitowocice.com/asset/?id=dqxfr
- TECUMEH COMPRESSOR MOTOR DETAILS [PDF], Tecumseh Products Visitor, 5683 Hines Drive Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108, U.s., Ph: 734.585.9500 - retrieved 2017/04/07, original source: world wide web.tecumseh.com/~/media/n-america/files/installation-instructions/ae2-install-instructions-final-hires-032213.pdf
Continue reading at REFRIGERANT Pressure level READINGS & CHARTS
or at OVER CHARGED of REFRIGERANT, EFFECTS or select a topic from the closely-related articles beneath, or see the consummate ARTICLE Alphabetize.
How to Brand Air Conditioner Pressure Gauge Readings
In our illustration of air conditioner service equipment pressure level test gauges at folio top and at left, you notice that there are two gauges and two sets of connectors and command valves. "
Gauge pressure" can read either the force per unit area inside the condenser unit (the "loftier side" of the organisation) or the pressure inside the evaporator (cooling coil) or "depression side" of the system.
The gauge set accepts iii connecting hoses:
- Low pressure side (blue hose on my gauges)
- High force per unit area side (red hose)
- Refrigerant gas source (center fitting)
Annotation that gauge pressure is an accented pressure reading before any correction for ambient temperatures effectually the unit. When comparing measured or estimate pressure with recommended refrigerant pressures it is necessary to correct gauge pressure for ambient temperature variations. A/C equipment, gauges, refrigerant charging manuals etc. include pressure charts to aid in this correction.
Low-side pressure level calculation case
Using now-obsolete R-12 refrigerant gas equally an example, looking at the low-side refrigerant force per unit area (the depression side is the side at which the refrigerant liquid has boiled into a gaseous country), we can calculate the temperature at which the refrigerant should boil for given ambient weather condition:
(38-45 degF example) - (18 degF temperature departure between inside the condenser and ambient) = 20 degF = the temperature at which the refrigerant must boil, i.e. the state change from liquid to vapor. Looking at 20 degF. in the table for R12 state changes shows united states of america that nosotros should come across 21 pounds of force per unit area.
High-side force per unit area calculation example
At eighty to 100 psi pressure on the high side, if ambient temperature is 72 degF, heat will be transferred successfully to outdoor air at temperatures of 84 degF to 117 degF at the condenser coil.
Refrigerant Manifolds, Gauges, Exam Tool Sources, Connections, Where to buy
Illustrated here: the FJC A/C Products Co. Automotive Air Conditioning Manifold Gauge Set for R134a refrigerant systems.
[Click to overstate any image]
Watch out: among some manufacturers, particularly of traditional punch-gauge blazon manifold sets for refrigeration organization use at homes or at car or truck A/C systems, you volition need a judge whose pressure response and gauge indicator dial matches the specific type of refrigerant.
Newer vehicles will use an R134a Manifold gauge ready while older vehicles volition crave use of an R12 Manifold Gauge set.
Some guess sets or manifolds like mine shown at page summit have scales that allow force per unit area readings of more than i blazon of refrigerant gas, of which the most-common may be R12 and R134a. You'll come across dual refrigerant gauge manifolds included in the listing of sources nosotros give beneath.
At least some digital refrigerant manifold or estimate sets can accomodate more than ane type of refrigerant gas. Below nosotros include as an example the Testo 550 / 557 manifold digital judge device.
- FJC A/C Products,Tools, Equipment TUTORIAL for USING MANIFOLD GAUGES [PDF] FJC Co., 101 Commercial Dr,Mooresville, NC 28115 USA, Client Service: Admin@fjcinc.com To Identify an Order: Orders@fjcinc.com Telephone: 704-664-3587 retrieved 2021/02/26 original source: https://fjcinc.com/a-tutorial-guide-to-manifold-gauges/
FJC, Automotive A/C MANIFOLD GAUGE SET INSTRUCTIONS [PDF] Op. Cit. illustrated above.
Below: a iv-valve estimate set or manifold provides additional connection ports as illustrated and discussed in JB Industries' instructions cited below.
- JB Zepplin 4-VALVE MANIFOLD INSTRUCTIONS [PDF] JB Industries PO Box 1180 Aurora, IL 60507-1180 USA Tel, 800.323.0811 Customer Service: customerservice@jbind.com, Website: jbind.com - illustrated 4-valve manifold connections are given above, equally an excerpt from these instructions, retrieved 2021/02/26 original source: http://www.jbind.com/pdf/four%20valve%20manifold%20instructions.pdf
- Mastercool, R134a MANIFOLD GAUGE SET INSTRUCTIONS [PDF] Mastercool Automotive & HVAC Products, USA: 1 Aspen Bulldoze, Randolph NJ 07869, Tel: 973-252-9119 - offices in Europe, Brasil, Australia
Commonwealth of australia: 82A Chinchen St., Islington NSW 2296, Tel: +61 417 401 412
Europe: Mastercool Europe N.V. Industriezone TTS Laagstraat xix 9140 Temse, Belgium Phone: +32 (0) 3 777 28 48
Website: https://www.mastercool.com/ retrieved 2021/02/26 original source: https://world wide web.mastercool.com/wp-content/ uploads/bsk-pdf-director/ 2020/02/89660-INST-ane.pdf - Performance Tools A/C MANIFOLD GAUGE Prepare OWNER'Southward MANUAL [PDF] as sold at amazon and other sources, retrieved 2021/02/26 original source: https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/A1Z4GWtkI2S.pdf
- Pittsburgh Automotive A/C MANIFOLD GAUGE Fix MANUAL [PDF] Pittsburgh Automotive, 3491 Mission Oaks Blvd., PO Box 6009, Camarillo, CA 93011 U.s.a. Tel: i-888-866-5797 retrieved 2021/02/26 original source: https://manuals.harborfreight.com/manuals/62000-62999/62707.pdf
- Robinair, 2-VALVE AUTOMOTIVE MANIFOLD INSTRUCTIONS [PDF] Robinair, 655 Eisenhower Bulldoze Owatonna MN 55060 USA, Customer Service : ane-800-533-6127 Technical Service : 1-800-822-5561 Fax : 1-866-259-1241 Website : robinair.com retrieved 2021/02/26 original source: https://www.robinair.com/sites/default/files/556774.pdf
Extract: The manifold is designed so all 3 lower fittings are connected to each other by internal passages. Separate passages from the low- and high-side fittings to their respective gauges give pressure and vacuum readings, whether the handwheels are open up or closed. Handwheels and gauges are color-coded, with the blue chemical compound estimate on the low (or left) side, and the scarlet force per unit area gauge on the high (or right) side.
- Instructions for: AUTO A/C CHARGING AND TESTING MANIFOLD FOR R12/R134A [PDF] retrieved 2021/02/26 original source: original source: https://www.tequipment.internet/
Illustration: testo 550s or 5557s Digital Manifold for measuring refrigerant pressures; Testo's equipment, cited below, includes models that can communicate refrigerant force per unit area readings wirelessly to a smartphone app.
- Testo 550s / 557s DIGITAL MANIOLD INSTRUCTION Transmission [PDF] Testo SE & Co. KGaA Celsiusstr. ii 79822 Titisee-Neustadt Federal republic of germany Telephone: +49 (0)7653 681-0 Electronic mail: info@testo.de www.testo.com retrieved 2021/02/26 original source: https://static-int.testo.com/media/86/9b/837390b3094b/testo-550s-557s-Digital-Manifold-Instruction-Manual-US.pdf
...
Proceed reading at REFRIGERANT PRESSURE READINGS & CHARTS or select a topic from the closely-related articles below, or run across the complete Commodity INDEX.
Or see REFRIGERANT Examination GAUGE FAQs posted originally at this commodity
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